Cat Ulcers: What Exactly Are Ulcers in Cats?

Cats are known for their resilience, but even the healthiest felines can develop medical conditions that require attention. One issue that pet owners may not be familiar with is cat ulcers. Ulcers in cats can occur in various parts of the body, affecting their health and comfort. While they may not always be visible, ulcers can cause pain, irritation, and more serious complications if left untreated. If you notice symptoms of ulcers in your cat, contact North Kenny Veterinary Hospital in Columbus, OH at (614) 451-1204 or request an appointment online.

 

 

What Are Cat Ulcers?

Ulcers are open sores or lesions that develop on the skin or internal tissues due to tissue damage. These sores occur when the protective lining of an organ or body surface is compromised, often by factors such as infections, trauma, or underlying health conditions. In cats, ulcers can develop in several areas, including the mouth, stomach, and skin. Ulcers vary in severity, with some causing mild irritation and others leading to significant discomfort or complications. Cats with ulcers may experience symptoms such as excessive drooling, loss of appetite, vomiting, or visible sores. Since these symptoms can overlap with other medical conditions, a veterinary exam is essential for proper diagnosis.

What Are Some Common Types of Ulcers in Cats?

Oral Ulcers

One of the most common forms of cat ulcers is oral ulcers. These painful sores can develop on a cat’s tongue, gums, or inner cheeks. They are often linked to underlying health conditions, including viral infections such as feline calicivirus or chronic kidney disease. Cats with oral ulcers may drool excessively, have difficulty eating, or develop bad breath. In some cases, pet owners may notice blood in their cat’s saliva. Since these ulcers can make eating and drinking painful, a cat may lose weight if the issue is not addressed.

Gastric Ulcers

Gastric ulcers occur in a cat’s stomach lining when excessive stomach acid or certain medications weaken the protective mucosal barrier. Although not as common as oral ulcers, gastric ulcers can lead to severe symptoms such as vomiting (sometimes with blood), reduced appetite, and lethargy. Stress, infections, and long-term use of medications such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can increase the risk of gastric ulcers. If left untreated, these ulcers may worsen and cause further damage to the digestive tract.

Skin Ulcers

Skin ulcers in cats develop when the skin’s outer layer is damaged, leading to open sores or lesions. These can be caused by burns, infections, allergic reactions, or autoimmune disorders. Skin ulcers often appear as raw, inflamed areas that may ooze or scab over. Cats with skin ulcers may excessively lick or scratch the affected area, leading to further irritation. Since open sores can become infected, veterinary treatment is important to prevent complications.

Why Does My Cat Have an Ulcer?

Ulcers in cats develop for a variety of reasons, and understanding the underlying causes can help pet owners recognize when veterinary care is needed. Some common causes include:

• Infections – Bacterial, viral, and fungal infections can lead to cat ulcers, particularly in the mouth or on the skin. Conditions such as feline herpesvirus and feline calicivirus are known to cause oral ulcers.
• Chronic illnesses – Cats with kidney disease, diabetes, or cancer may be more prone to ulcers due to weakened immune function or medication side effects.
• Trauma or injury – Physical injuries such as burns, bites, or scratches can result in cat ulcers, especially on the skin.
• Medications – Some medications, particularly NSAIDs and steroids, can cause stomach ulcers when used long-term without veterinary supervision.
• Allergic reactions – Cats with allergies may develop ulcers due to excessive scratching or licking. Food allergies, flea allergies, or environmental allergens can contribute to skin ulcers.
• Autoimmune disorders – Certain autoimmune conditions, such as pemphigus, can cause cat ulcers to develop on the skin or in the mouth.

Signs and Symptoms of Cat Ulcers

Recognizing the symptoms of cat ulcers is important for early intervention. Symptoms will vary based on the type and location of the ulcer.

• Oral ulcers – Drooling, bad breath, difficulty eating, pawing at the mouth, and blood in the saliva.
• Gastric ulcers – Vomiting, loss of appetite, weight loss, lethargy, and pale gums.
• Skin ulcers – Open sores, hair loss, scabbing, excessive licking or scratching, and redness around the affected area.

Since these symptoms can also indicate other health conditions, a veterinary exam is necessary to determine the cause of the problem.

How Veterinarians Diagnose Ulcers in Cats

Veterinarians use a combination of physical exams, medical history, and diagnostic tests to diagnose cat ulcers. During an exam, your veterinarian will check a cat’s mouth, skin, or abdomen for visible signs of ulcers. Additional tests may include:

• Bloodwork to check for infections, kidney disease, or other underlying conditions.
• X-rays or ultrasounds to assess the stomach lining for gastric ulcers.
• Biopsies or cultures if an infection or autoimmune disorder is suspected.

Addressing Cat Ulcers

Treatment for cat ulcers depends on the cause and severity of the condition. Your veterinarian will develop a treatment plan based on the cat’s specific needs. Common treatment approaches include:

Medications

• Pain relief – Medications may be prescribed to reduce pain and discomfort.
• Antibiotics or antivirals – If an infection is causing the ulcers, antibiotics or antiviral medications can help clear the condition.
• Acid reducers – For gastric ulcers, medications that decrease stomach acid production may be recommended.

Dietary Support

• Cats with oral or gastric ulcers may benefit from a soft or prescription diet that is easier to eat and digest.
• Your veterinarian may suggest diet modifications if food allergies contribute to cat ulcers.

Wound Care and Skin Protection

• Skin ulcers may require topical treatments, wound dressings, or medicated shampoos to promote healing.
• In cases of excessive scratching or licking, an Elizabethan collar (cone) may be used to prevent further irritation.

Signs That Call for a Veterinary Visit

If a cat shows symptoms of cat ulcers, veterinary care is recommended as soon as possible. Untreated ulcers can lead to infections, malnutrition, or more severe health complications. North Kenny Veterinary Hospital in Columbus, OH is here to help. If you suspect your cat has ulcers, call (614) 451-1204 or request an appointment online today.